Archive for 2009

Obama warns of US food ‘hazard’

Sunday, March 15th, 2009

President Barack Obama has said the US food safety system is a “public health hazard” and in need of an overhaul.

He sounded the warning during his weekly radio and video address, as he appointed a new head of the federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

New York Health Commissioner Margaret Hamburg has been named for the post.

Mr Obama cited a string of recent food safety scandals including a salmonella outbreak in peanut products this year that has been linked to nine deaths.

The president said recent underfunding and understaffing at the FDA had left the agency unable to conduct annual inspections of more than a fraction of America’s 150,000 food processing premises.

“That is a hazard to public health. It is unacceptable. And it will change under the leadership of Dr Margaret Hamburg,” Mr Obama pledged.

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James Lovelock: You Ask The Questions

Sunday, March 15th, 2009

– Here’s a question and answer session with James Lovelock.  Well worth a read.

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The eminent scientist answers your questions, such as ‘Is the Earth really a living organism?’ and ‘Why do you like nuclear power?’

I have heard that the Gaia theory means that the Earth is alive. What does that mean, exactly? Roger Middleton, Chester

The Earth system (Gaia) shares many attributes with a living cell; it metabolises, it responds to changes in its environment, it can die, and it reduces its internal entropy by taking in high quantum energy as sunlight and excreting infra-red radiation to space. It does not reproduce, but something that has lived about 3 billion years hardly needs to reproduce; selection theory asserts that organisms reproduce at a rate reciprocally related to their lifespan. Gaia’s reproduction rate would therefore be expected to be less than one in three billion years.

Some scientists say that your suggestions for geoengineering sea algae will never work. Is it just pie in the sky? Guy Brewer, Nottingham

Those who claim that encouraging algal growth in the ocean will not reduce CO2 abundance in the air might be right, but they do not know for sure. Their arguments are based on calculations using theoretical models and not, as they should be in science, on observation and experiment. Evidence from the ice cores of Antarctica and from ocean sediments suggests that algal growth was more abundant in the ice ages. We also know from Antarctic ice core data that the low temperatures of the ice age were closely associated with low CO2. It reached as low as 180 parts per million, and this requires powerful biological pumps. What better than those of the abundant ocean algae?

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– research thanks to Robin S.

Carbon cuts ‘only give 50/50 chance of saving planet’

Sunday, March 15th, 2009

As states negotiate Kyoto’s successor, simulations show catastrophe just years away

The world’s best efforts at combating climate change are likely to offer no more than a 50-50 chance of keeping temperature rises below the threshold of disaster, according to research from the UK Met Office.

The key aim of holding the expected increase to 2C, beyond which damage to the natural world and to human society is likely to be catastrophic, is far from assured, the research suggests, even if all countries engage forthwith in a radical and enormous crash programme to slash greenhouse gas emissions – something which itself is by no means guaranteed.

The chilling forecast from the supercomputer climate model of the Met Office’s Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research will provide a sobering wake-up call for governments around the world, who will begin formally negotiating three weeks today the new international treaty on tackling global warming, which is due to be signed in Copenhagen in December.

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– research thanks to Robin S.

Doing the dead-dog

Sunday, March 15th, 2009

Back on March 9th, I came down with a cold or a flu.  Just today, on the 15th, I awoke feeling half-way normal again.big-sneeze.jpg

Maybe it is because I’m getting older, I don’t know, but this was one of the worse I’ve ever had.  This past week, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday were like dreams from hell.

The only work I did was to sit at the computer and do stuff and I couldn’t do that for more than an hour or so before I had to go lay down again for an hour to recover some strength.

We’re talking severe congestion, sinus pressure, muscle aches, kidney aches, all previous injury sites aching, fever flashes, and dizziness when turning the head.

I have, personally, this week put the toilet paper industry back into profitable space with the amount of nose blowing I’ve done.

People are so casual about colds.   I had to make a few trips out into the world during the week.  At each place, I was as antiseptic as I could be and when ever I had to deal with someone, I told them I had a cold and that they should take precautions after we’d done our business.  Precautions like wiping down the credit card machines and/or washing their hands and etc.   Some were grateful and did so.

One lady told me that in ten years of working with the public, daily, I was the first person who’d ever warned her like this.  But, another fellow, after several minutes of talking about it, said he wasn’t worried and if he got it, he got it, and he did nothing.  Amazing.

My wife and I are careful.   We both carry hand-sanitizer and try to remember to use it after all contacts with the public, doorknobs or whatever.   We wash our hands whenever we come in from the outside.   If customers how up here that look snotty, we watch their every move and lysol the ground they walked on as they leave.

In spite of all of this, I got nailed someplace in the last two weeks.  Someone snotty touched an object that I later touched and then that material made it into my system – and I was hosed.

When one of us gets sick here, we immeditely go into what we call ‘isolation mode’.   If I’m the one who is sick (usually the case – as my wife is far more careful than I am), then I begin to sleep in the guest room, use only the upstairs bathroom, enter an exit the house through a different door that she uses.  I touch nothing in the kitchen, or, if I must, it is via paper towels that I’ve only touched on one side and the object in question is, of course, on the other side.

Every move and every object is looked at as a possible vector for the virus to get from me to her.

Usually, we’re successful and she avoids getting what I’ve got.   So far, this time, she’s symptom free (knock on wood) and I hope it stays that way.   We open for spring here on April 4th, which is about two weeks away, and we are both maxed out with things to do that MUST be done.

Moral/s of this story:

-  Don’t be casual when you have a cold or flu.  Every object you touch can be a vector via which the virus moves onto the next person and so the chain continues.  The ideal is to let the infection you have stop with you – and break the chain.

– If you are healthy, try to stay that way.  Realize that most folks ARE careless and causal about colds and flus and that infection is always around you waiting for a chance to use you as its next playground.  Carry hand sanitizer and use it.   Think about the objects you touch as you move through your day and who else might have touched them.

– Do not go into work if you are sick unless you absolutely have no choice.   If you have to be in contact with the public – warn them.   The last time my wife got sick, it was because the checkout lady at the local supermarket was working with a cold and handled all of our food items as she checked us out.   My wife raised holy-hell with the store supervisor – but the store has no policies to allow employees to stay home with pay if they are sick.   It’s cheaper for the corporate bean-counters to make them work if they want to get paid – and too bad for the unwitting public.

-Folks, we are our own worst enemies with colds and flus – wake up.

Postscript (later the same day):   It looks like, after six days in the same hours with me in close quarters, Sharon may not have escaped getting this virus in spite of our best efforts.   She says she’s feeling off and getting something in her throat.  That’s a bummer.   I really hate to see anyone have to go through this one.

US Muslim TV boss ‘beheaded wife’

Saturday, March 14th, 2009

– Well, I just don’t know how to think about this one.  A tragedy for the people involved, no doubt.   But the irony is also undeniable. 

– A man who founded a Muslim TV network in the U.S. that was aimed at countering stereotypes of Muslims has beheaded his wife – who wanted to divorce him.

– I’ll just let you read the story and think your own thoughts about it.

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The founder of a US Muslim TV network has been charged over the beheading of his wife, media reports say.

Muzzammil Hassan, 44, is accused of second degree murder of Aasiya Hassan, whose body was found last week at the TV station in New York state.

Both Mr Hassan and his wife worked at Bridges TV, a station aimed at countering stereotypes of Muslims.

Authorities said Mrs Hassan, 37, had recently filed for divorce. The couple had two children, aged four and six.

Bridges TV, a satellite-distributed news and opinion channel, was founded by Mr Hassan in 2004 and was based in a suburb in Buffalo, in upstate New York.

Mrs Hassan had filed for divorce after enduring previous incidents of domestic violence, her lawyer told the Buffalo News.

In a statement on its website, Bridges TV said it was “deeply shocked and saddened by the murder of Aasiya (Zubair) Hassan and subsequent arrest of Muzzammil Hassan”.

A family court hearing was due to address the future of the couple’s two children.

Their grandparents have travelled from Texas and Pakistan to attend the hearing, John Tregilio, a lawyer for the children, told the Buffalo News.

Mr Hassan also has two other children, aged 17 and 18, from a previous marriage, according to reports.

To the original…

Here’s another link that fill in more of this story:

Solar panel prices to fall by up to 40 per cent by year end

Saturday, March 14th, 2009

– Now, here’s some good news among all the doom and gloom.

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The long-awaited drop in prices for solar photovoltaics (PV) appears to be close at hand. Soaring demand for PV and high prices for silicon have kept PV prices up for the past several years, but had two beneficial impacts:

  • Producers ramped up polysilicon production
  • PV companies pursued designs with less silicon.

The result is that Business Green reports:

The price of solar panels could fall by as much as 40 per cent by the end of the year as huge increases in polysilicon supplies lead to a sizable fall in production costs for solar panel manufacturers.

Analysts have been predicting this price drop for a while [– I had heard this prediction at a climate solutions summit in January 2008].

If this drop does materialize, it is quite a big deal and will help keep demand on its staggering growth rate with PV becoming one of the largest job-creating industries of the century, projected to grow from a $20 billion two years ago to a $74 billion industry by 2017 (see “Sharp to boost thin film solar capacity 6-fold to 6000 MW by 2014, U.S. hits snooze button“).

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Permafrost is thawing in northern Sweden

Saturday, March 14th, 2009

Areas with lowland permafrost are likely to shrink in northern Sweden.  Warmer summers and more winter precipitation are two of the reasons.  This is shown in a new dissertation from Lund University in Sweden.

Permafrost is ground that is frozen year round at least two years in a row.  North of the Arctic Circle permafrost is common due to the cold climate.  For several years, physical geographer Margareta Johansson at Lund University has studied lowland permafrost in peat mires surrounding Abisko.  Permafrost is on the edge of its range there.  Johansson states that permafrost is being affected by climate changes.

“At one of our sites, permafrost has completely disappeared from the greater part of the mire during the last decade,” she says.

In areas where permafrost is thawing the ground becomes unstable and can collapse.  This can be a local and regional problem in areas with cities and infrastructure.  Moreover, the thaw can cause increased emissions of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane from the ground.  Roughly 25 percent of all land surface in the northern hemisphere are underlain by permafrost.

The thawing of permafrost that occurs today is likely to continue, in Margareta Johansson’s view.  She regards it as probable that there will be no permafrost in lowland areas around Abisko in 50 years.

“With the present climate it is likely that the changes seen in permafrost in the Abisko area will also occur in other areas, and my study can therefore provide a basis for studies in other geographic areas that are next in line,” she says.

Margareta Johansson’s research shows that the permafrost in the Abisko area is thawing both from above and from below.  From above it is thawing primarily because the summers have become warmer and because the snow cover has become thicker in winter.  A thicker snow layer acts as an insulating blanket, which means that the ground does not get as cold as it would under a thinner layer of snow.

From below the permafrost is thawing probably as a result of greater mobility in the groundwater.  Margareta Johansson explains that the annual precipitation of both rain and snow has increased dramatically during the last decade.  More rain and more melted snow create more movement down in the groundwater, which thaws the permafrost.  Between 1997 and 2007 a total of 362 millimeters of precipitation fell annually in Abisko, which is a 20-percent increase compared to the mean annual precipitation for the years 1961 and 1990.

The dissertation will be presented and defended at Lund University on February 26, 2009.

To the original…

‘Coral lab’ offers acidity insight

Saturday, March 14th, 2009

Carbon dioxide emissions from human activities are acidifying the oceans and threaten a mass extinction of sea life, a top ocean scientist warns.

Dr Carol Turley from Plymouth Marine Laboratory says it is impossible to know how marine life will cope, but she fears many species will not survive.

Since the Industrial Revolution, CO2 emissions have already turned the sea about 30% more acidic, say researchers.

It is more acidic now than it has been for at least 500,000 years, they add.

The problem is set to worsen as emissions of the greenhouse gas increase through the 21st Century.

“I am very worried for ocean ecosystems which are currently productive and diverse,” Carol Turely told BBC News.

“I believe we may be heading for a mass extinction, as the rate of change in the oceans hasn’t been seen since the dinosaurs.

“It may have a major impact on food security. It really is imperative that we cut emissions of CO2.”

Dr Turley is chairing a session on ocean acidification at the Copenhagen Climate Change Congress.

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Climate scenarios ‘being realised’

Saturday, March 14th, 2009

The worst-case scenarios on climate change envisaged by the UN two years ago are already being realised, say scientists at an international meeting.

In a statement in Copenhagen on their six key messages to political leaders, they say there is a increasing risk of abrupt or irreversible climate shifts.

Even modest temperature rises will affect millions of people, particularly in the developing world, they warn.

But, they say, most tools needed to cut carbon dioxide emissions already exist.

More than 2,500 researchers and economists attended this meeting designed to update the world on the state of climate research ahead of key political negotiations set for December this year.

New data was presented in Copenhagen on sea level rise, which indicated that the best estimates of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) made two years ago were woefully out of date.

Scientists heard that waters could rise by over a metre across the world with huge impacts for hundreds of millions of people.

There was also new information on how the Amazon rainforest would cope with rising temperatures. A UK Meteorological Office study concluded there would be a 75% loss of tree cover if the world warmed by three degrees for a century.

The scientists hope that their conclusions will remove any excuses from the political process.

Dr Katherine Richardson, who chaired the scientific steering committee that organised the conference, said the research presented added new certainty to the IPCC reports.

“We’ve seen lots more data, we can see where we are, no new surprises, we have a problem.”

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War passes; the climate is forever

Saturday, March 14th, 2009

Humans are better at dealing with crises than long-term problems, writes Tom Burke. The future could judge us harshly.

This is arguably the most important year in human history. The grandiose invites suspicion, so the previous sentence was written reluctantly. But ideas do not seek permission before they enter your mind, nor are they always the most welcome of guests.

The idea that this might be the most important year in human history was prompted by the headlines that greeted the New Year. War and recession, tragically familiar sources of human misery, dominated. Yet it was what was missing from them that provoked my unwelcome thought.

In December, a meeting on an issue far more important than war or recession to the future prosperity and security of literally everyone on earth will take place in Copenhagen. Yet, nowhere did its prospects make the front pages. Terrible though they are, we know that consequences of war and recession pass. Climate change is forever.

The punctuation of history is marked by the names of the places where order was restored after chaos had prevailed – Westphalia, Versailles, San Francisco. It is not an exaggeration to say that what happens – or does not – in Copenhagen in December will shape human destiny more deeply, and for longer, than any of them.

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